• Batteries add substantial weight —decreasing payload. Consider an EV Hummer weighs in at 9,000#
• Batteries demand huge recharging infrastructure and potentially long waits — and today, there is no/limited infrastructure

• Fuel cells
• Standard internal combustion engines fed with hydrogen

Hydrogen has no/limited infrastructure and no standard for things like pressure and nozzle size (Europe plans to have hydrogen every 200 km by 2031).

My take— don’t count out diesel. It will be around for a long time. California will see battery applications in smaller local delivery straight trucks — and maybe more yard-jockeys. Class 8 long-haul loads need the power of fossil fuel for now.